You may feel the pain near your navel in this stage similar to a cramp and would be unable to pinpoint the affected area. This is usually the first sign of a possible inflammation in your appendix and you might also go through other symptoms like loss of appetite, followed by nausea and vomiting.
In this stage the bacteria and inflammatory fluids accumulated in the lumen of the appendix enter the muscular wall of the appendix, subsequently causing intense pain when the inflamed membrane rubs against the parietal peritoneum lining the abdominal cavity. You may experience the shift of pain from the belly button area to the lower right abdominal area in this stage.
In this stage, the blockage of the appendix causes inflammation, and increase in pressure, preventing blood flow into the organ.This is considered a medical emergency and if the blockage does not receive proper treatment on time, it can result in the breaking or tearing of the appendix which can have severe complications.
Sometimes the infection of an appendix can result in the formation of a hole, allowing the infection to spread to the other parts of the abdomen. In such cases, the stool stored inside the appendix leaks out into the abdomen,resulting in an inflammatory reaction by our body, creating abscesses. Due to the inflammation, the bowel gets easily crumbled, making it difficult for surgical removal. These intra-abdominal abscesses can cause prolonged fever, pain, and can result in a slow recovery.
An inflamed or perforated appendix can sometimes be separated by the adjacent greater omentum (a double-layer of fatty tissue that covers and supports the organs and intestines in the lower abdomen) or by a complete blockage of the small intestine, resulting in phlegmonous appendicitis or abscess, leading to a swollen, reddened, thickened and compacted appendix.
Though rare, there might be a number of complications involved during an appendectomy such as:
Reaction to anaesthesia: Before performing an appendix removal surgery, a person might be put under anaesthesia in order to eliminate the pain which would likely expose them to complications such as difficulty in breathing during the surgery, depending upon how their body reacts to it.
Bleeding: If a person is suffering from severe appendicitis, it is possible that the appendix might lead to massive rectal bleeding which can be caused by severe gastrointestinal haemorrhage from an appendiceal stump. However, such cases are considered to be extremely rare.
Inflammation caused by bursting of appendix: During an appendectomy, the appendix may burst, causing inflammation accompanied by redness or infection around the abdominal area.
Bowel Obstruction: Following an abdominal surgery, there may be subsequent bowel obstruction due to the formation of adhesions around the appendix.
Infection of the wound: As cuts or incisions are made in the skin during a surgical procedure, it might lead to an infection around the area of the wound and cause symptoms such as redness, swelling or bleeding, pain and fever.
Injury to the nearby organs: Although least likely, a surgical procedure might cause damage to the nearby organs and tissues which can also lead to the development of a scar tissue and can cause bowel obstruction.
If a condition of appendicitis is left untreated, infected bacteria that is stored inside the appendix causing an inflammation cuts off blood supply, leading to the development of a hole or tear in the dead wall. As pressure builds up due to the blockage, it results in the bursting of the appendix. This can cause the bacteria and pus to flow into the central part of your body that holds the liver, stomach and intestines, also known as the abdominal cavity. This is considered a medical emergency as it can lead to severe and life-threatening complications.
In certain cases of acute appendicitis where the relapse rate is less than 14%, the appendicitis can be treated with antibiotics and might never require surgery. If you have a condition of an uncomplicated appendicitis where the appendix has not yet ruptured and is yet to develop into the perforated stage, you can opt for an oral antibiotic treatment. The doctor might carry out certain medical assessments in order to determine the severity of your condition before considering your eligibility to go for a non-surgical method of treatment.
Surgery is considered as the standard method of treating appendicitis, which is also known as appendectomy. Generally, after your diagnosis, the doctor will go through all the reports of your medical evaluations and recommend a surgery if there are signs of an infection and a possible rupture of the appendix in order to eliminate the risk of any further complications. If you are suffering from symptoms like long-lasting abdominal pain and fever, you will most likely be required to go for a surgery, where the surgeon will completely remove the appendix to treat the condition.
Open appendectomy: This is carried out to remove an appendix where the surgeon makes a single, large cut/incision of about 5-10 centimeters in the lower-right abdominal area. After making the cut, the abdominal muscles are separated, making an opening through the lower-right area of the abdomen and the appendix is completely removed before closing the wound with stitches. In case of a complication like bursting or rupture of the appendix the doctor will wash out the pus or infected bacteria from the abdominal cavity using salt water or saline. A small tube might be inserted through the incision to drain out fluids before closing the lining of your abdomen and the abdominal muscles with stitches.
Laparoscopic appendectomy: This is a much-advanced procedure for appendix removal . During this process, the surgeon makes two or three tiny incisions in your abdomen and inserts a laparoscope – a thin tube with a camera and light attached to it, which allows them to view the inside of your abdomen. Once the laparoscope is inserted, the surgeon inflates the abdomen with CO2 gas. This helps to have a distinctive view of the appendix and the other organs inside the abdomen. As soon as the appendix is located, the surgeon ties it off with stitches and removes it. After that, the incisions will be dressed clean and be closed using sutures or bandages. This method of appendectomy is becoming increasingly popular as it involves fewer complications and has a shorter postoperative recovery time.
Almost like every other surgical procedure, you will have to refrain from consuming anything for at least 8 hours before the surgery. An empty stomach would make it easier for the doctor to have a clear view inside your abdominal cavity, ensuring a safe and effective treatment.
It is important to consult your doctor if you are going through any medications and the doctor can accordingly assist you in how the medicines should be taken before and after the surgery.
You will have to avoid taking certain drugs like aspirin, blood-thinners, vitamin E and arthritis medicines prior to a week before the surgery.
If you have a history of bleeding disorders or are allergic to anaesthesia, it would be a wise decision to let your doctor know about it before going for the surgery.
Upon reaching the hospital, you might be required to go through certain medical evaluations like blood tests, chest x-rays and other tests in order to eliminate any potential complications during the surgery.
If you plan on taking a shower, you should make sure that you take it before going for the surgery as doctors recommend keeping the surgical area dry after the operation which helps to avoid infections and other complications in the wounded area after the surgery.
You will be put under the influence of general anesthesia which would help in easing the pain and discomfort during the surgery.
Small incisions will be made around your abdominal area, through which the doctor will remove your appendix.
The surgeon will inflate the areas of your abdomen using harmless CO2 gas by inserting a cannula, in order to have a distinctive view of the appendix.
Through one of the incisions, a medical device called laparoscope (a thin lighted tube attached with a camera) will be inserted, which would allow the doctor to see your internal structures and guide the instruments.
Once your appendix has been spotted, the surgeon will use surgical instruments to separate it from the intestine and close the ends with staples.
After your appendix is removed, the laparoscope and other surgical instruments will be removed.
The incisions will then be closed with sutures, followed by skin glue or skin closure tapes.
The surgeon might switch to an open procedure of appendectomy in case your appendix cannot be removed laparoscopically, which might happen due to the following reasons:
Extensive infection or abscess.
Perforated appendix.
Obesity.
Dense scar tissue from previous surgery.
Bleeding problems during the operation.
Difficulty in viewing the organs using a laparoscope.
After your appendix is removed and the surgery is complete, you will be placed under observation until the reaction of the anaesthesia wears off.
Your vital signs such as breathing and heart rate will be closely monitored to eliminate the risk of any further complications.
Once the anaesthesia wears off, and your blood pressure, breathing, and pulse rate are stable, you will be moved to a cabin or hospital room.
Depending upon your overall physical condition and the procedure of the treatment, you will be prepared for a discharge from the hospital.
You will be advised to keep the surgical area dry and clean for the next few days to avoid possible infections in the wounded area.
During the first few days after undergoing an appendectomy, you may feel moderate pain in the areas surrounding your abdomen and the doctor will accordingly prescribe antibiotics to deal with the pain and prevent any further infections.
The cost of an appendix removal surgery in India with Surgical Sathi can range anywhere from ₹45,000 to ₹55,000. However, this cost is not to be considered as an absolute as it may vary from person to person depending on multiple factors like:
Type and location of the hospital chosen to undergo the treatment
Consultation fees of the doctor
Amount to be paid for diagnostic tests and other lab tests
Severity of the condition of appendicitis that requires treatment
If the appendix is safely removed before rupturing or developing into a complicated stage, the results of a laparoscopic appendectomy wouldn’t take much time to show up. The post-operative complication will be minimal and the results of the treatment will be immediate. The treatment will certainly ease the painful and discomforting symptoms.
Since the symptoms of appendicitis can be severe pain and discomfort, it is medically necessary to treat the condition. Hence, most health insurance providers cover the cost of an appendix removal surgery. To gather information more about the documentation, and claim process you can get in touch with our team and get thorough assistance.