Use of topical ointments – If you are suffering from anal fissure, you can try applying topical ointments in your cut or tear. You can either use topical ointments recommended by the doctor or get them over-the-counter. You can get relief from the condition by using medicines such as lidocaine hydrochloride (XYlocaine).
Nitroglycerin – You can externally apply nitroglycerin to your anal fissure to increase blood flow to the damaged tissues. This in turn can help you promote healing and provide relief to your anal sphincter muscles. When home remedies and medicines fail to provide relief, most people resort to using nitroglycerin as a feasible line of treatment.
Medications for blood pressure – Oral medications such as nifedipine or diltiazem can enhance blood pressure and provide relief to the anal sphincter muscle. These medications can be used either orally or can be applied externally. Blood pressure medicines can be taken when medicines like nitroglycerin fails are not effective.
Botox injections – Another non-surgical option for treating anal fissures is injecting botox. Botox injection paralyzes the anal sphincter muscles and provides relief to the spasms.

If your anal fissure does not go away with medicinal treatments or any other treatment methods, it could be an indication of chronic anal fissure. In that case, the proctologist may recommend you undergo surgery for permanent treatment for anal fissure.
Open surgery – In open surgery, the anorectal surgeon makes a small incision in the anal sphincter to relax the anal muscle. Once the muscle is relaxed, it lets the anal fissure heal. Open anal fissure surgery is a conventional treatment procedure that comes with a certain amount of risks and complications, permanent incontinence being the most common one.
Laser surgery – During the procedure, the fissure doctor first administers local or general anesthesia to the patient. The doctor uses a laser probe to emit infrared radiation or laser beams at the surgical site [location of anal fissure]. The high-energy laser beams increase the blood flow to the area of the fissure and promote quick and proper healing of the fissure.

Before undergoing the surgery, it is important to make sure that you follow all the tips and advice from the doctor. Some of the tips for surgery preparation may include the following:
It is highly likely that the fissure doctor will tell you everything about the treatment procedure. All you need to do is follow the instructions diligently. If you are allergic to any medication, let the doctor know in advance.
Quit drinking alcohol and smoking cigarettes at least a week before the surgery. This will help you recover and heal after the surgery quicker and in a much efficient manner.
From the night before the surgery date, try to avoid eating heavy or large meals.
On the day of the surgery, leave your valuable items at home while coming to the hospital.
Get someone along with you while coming to the hospital for surgery who can help you drive home as you will not be allowed to drive.
Get answers to all your questions about the surgery from the attending doctor or the surgeon.
Before undergoing surgery, make sure either you or your guardian signs the consent form.

Anal fissure surgery is most commonly done on an outpatient basis. Right after the surgery, the patient will be taken to a private recovery room. You will be kept under observation in the private ward and your vitals shall be monitored until you gain consciousness. Once the doctor sees it fit, you will be sent home after that.
Most patients with anal fissure – both open and laser – do not require more than 1-2 days of hospital stay. So, it is highly likely that you can leave for home within a day or two. Your surgeon or fissure specialist will give you pain relievers to be taken during the course of the treatment.
You may see drops of blood in your innerwear, toilet paper, and in your stool. You are also likely to feel some pain in your surgical site for a few days. There is nothing to fret about, it is normal. However, if you experience anything unusual in your health, it is extremely important to notify your doctor.

Avoid all sorts of strenuous activities for a week or two after the surgery. Do not lift any heavyweights that can put pressure and strain in your surgical area.
Take sitz baths at least 3-4 times a day or preferably after each bowel movement until the surgical site heals.
You may bleed or feel itching at the surgical site for at least a few days after the surgery. A little bleeding and itching are common and normal.
Try to prevent constipation. Prevent any measures which can cause constipation. Eat a fiber-rich diet, drink a lot of water, and do not hold your motion when you need to go.
If your doctor has given any prescription for medication, you should make sure that you apply for the medicine at least two-three times a day at the surgical site or anal opening.
Avoid using dry tissues to wipe yu anal opening after bowel movements for a few days. If at all you need to use, try using wet wipes instead.
Consume a lot of fruits and vegetables.
Cut down on the consumption of alcohol and caffeine. This may disturb your digestive system and may irritate your bowel functioning.
Make sure to follow up with your doctor after the surgery. Making sure that you are on the right path to recovery can make a lot of difference in your overall health for the long term.